Designed and manufactured in Turkey is thought to be the first automobile Anadol. However, Anadol's design was made by the British Reliant company (Reliant FW5) and production was made in Otosan with a license obtained from this company. Anadol's chassis, engines and transmissions are provided by Ford.
The first Turkish car in terms of design and engineering is Revolution. Before Revolution (in 1953), there have been studies that we can call "the test in nature" on the manufacture of automobiles, however, the Revolution can be viewed as the first Turkish structure and even the first Turkish type car.
In Turkey, the first series production car Anadol Although it is claimed to be the rightful owner of this title is 200 Nobel is a small car. The vehicle, produced under license in many countries, Turkey, the UK and Chile Nobel, Germany and Fuldamobil in South Africa, Sweden Fram King Fulda, Bambi In Argentina, the Bambino in the Netherlands, in Greece, Attica, in India Hans Vahaar went on the road with its brands. Installation of this small car production began in 1958 in Turkey has been discontinued in 1961. In the world, it remained in production between 1950 and 1969.
Agreement initiatives
Founded in 1928 by Vehbi Koç Otokoç, in 1946, was the representative of the Ford Motor Company, in 1954, then it began talks with representatives of Ford to produce a car in Turkey. In 1956, Vehbi Koç received a letter from Adnan Menderes, the prime minister of the time, and went to Bernar Nahum and Kenan İnal and Henry Ford II. These contacts worked and it was decided to cooperate. In 1959, Koç group founded Otosan. Installation of Ford trucks started in Otosan.
Fiberglass idea and automobile production
In 1963, while Bernar Nahum and Rahmi Koç were at Izmir Fair, an Israeli fiberglass vehicle attracted their attention. This method, which is very cheap compared to hair mold production, encouraged Vehbi Koç to start producing domestic cars. The design of Anadol, produced in partnership with Koç Holding and Ford, belongs to British Reliant, and chassis and engines supplied by Ford were used in the vehicle. The production of Anadol started on December 19, 1966, it was first exhibited on January 1, 1967, and its sales began on February 28, 1967.
Anadol name and production
The name Anadol comes from the word Anadolu, which was selected as a result of the competition, which was selected from Anadolu, Anadol and Koç. started to be produced at the factory in Istanbul. Anadol's emblem symbolizes one of the deer statues of the Hittites. The production of Anadol, which continued from 1966 to 1984, was stopped in 1984 and instead, the production of Ford Taunus, which was discontinued in the world under the license of Ford Motor Company, started, but the production of Otosan 500 and 600D pickups continued until 1991. Today, under the license of Otosan Ford Motor Company, Ford continues to manufacture light commercial vehicles at its new facilities in Gölcük and exports Ford Motor Company licensed cars to many countries, especially the European Union.
Vehicle specifications and sale
Although Anadol's production started on December 19, 1966, the approval of the "Qualification Certificate" required for sales and traffic registration and the "Regulation showing technical conditions for the manufacture, modification and assembly of vehicles" was received from the Chamber of Mechanical Engineers on February 28, 1967. hence, Anadol sales started after this date.
Anadol's first models were designed by British Reliant and Ogle Design. Ford engines are also used as engines in Anadol, the body of which is made of glass fiber and polyester in all models. The first engine used is the 1200 cc Kent engine of Ford's Cortina model.
Anadol, which was put up for sale in December 1966, sold 1984 thousand units until its production ceased in 87. [4] Few remaining examples are considered classic today, protected and used by enthusiasts. In addition, it is still used in small cities of Anatolia, which it has taken its name with its forms cut out from the middle. In addition, the British made an effort to produce the same Anadol in New Zealand, and today Anadol is used in an island belonging to New Zealand.
Negative approaches
This technology was being used around the world, as the hull was fiberglass, spreading negative rumors for its hood, causing rumors that it was eaten by oxen, goats and donkeys.
Anadol / A1 (1966-1975)
Anadol A1 was developed by the English Reliant Company with the code “FW5” upon the order of Otosan Automobile Industry Inc. and its production started on 19 December 1966. The design of the A1 was drawn by Tom Karen of the British company Ogle Design. The production of A1 was first used by Ford Cortina's 1200cc Kent engine of 1959 cc, and in 1968 this engine was replaced by the more powerful 1300 cc Ford Crossflow engine. In 1969, the dashboard was renewed and the steering wheel became more ergonomic. In 1971, as the fashion of that day, the ceiling of the cabin was covered with vinyl. This design remained this way until April 1972 as MkI type. The A1971 model developed for the Mediterranean Games held in İzmir in 1 was called “Anadol Akdeniz” and the production of this model started in 1972. In this model called MkII, the round shape of the headlights was replaced by rectangular headlights, the gear block and bumpers were renewed. In the new design, the bumpers have become an extension of the body, the front grille has changed, the headlights and signals have been made quadrilateral, the signal and stop lamps have a triangular shape. The interior of the cabin has also changed significantly, the dashboard and dashboard, seats have been changed, and the quality of the materials used has been improved. Used in Anadol's Coupé from 1972, this standard remained the same until the end of A1 production (1975).
Anadol / A2 / SL (1970-1981)
Anadol A2 series, but was Turkey's first 4-door car, all the world's first 4-door with a fiberglass body went down in history as the sedan. A1969, whose prototype was developed in 2, was produced and produced in 1970.
Ford Cortina's 2cc City engine was used in the A1300 series. These first A2 models, known for their one-piece front seat, were technically equipped with A1 models. A small number of produced MkI types remained the same until the end of 1972, A1 (nose, grille, headlight and signals), which were made the same as the body structure A2 from 1975 and produced as MkII. Since 1976, the SL model was launched as the new A2 version. The most important changes in the SL were in the headlights and taillights. The new dashboard, dashboard and interior materials used in the cabin of the A2, which gained a new appearance with rectangular rear stops, have been completely renewed. In addition, A2 is the first Turkish car that has undergone a crash test to increase the safety of the vehicle. Although A2 was designed as a family car, it also made a huge success commercially, reaching a sales performance of 35.668 units, making it the best-selling Anadol model (2 units as A1970 between 1975 and 20.267, 2 as A1976 SL between 1981 and 15.401). A2 production ended in 1981 and A8-16 model started to be produced instead.
Anadol / A4 / STC-16 (1973-1975)
STC-1972, the first prototype of which was developed in 16, was produced only between 1973 and 1975. STC-16 was designed by Eralp Noyan. Thus Designed Revolution in 1961 (automobile) 'after, designed and manufactured and the first series production car title took place in Turkey.
Erdogan Gönül, who became the General Manager of Otosan in 1971 and was Vehbi Koç's son-in-law, convinced the Otosan management and received the approval for serial production. STC-16 aimed to provide high-income users and prestige to the Anadol brand in international rallies. Drawing by a team led by Eralp Noyan, a graduate of the Royal Fine Arts Academy in Belgium, STC-16 is inspired by the popular sports car models Datsun 240Z, Saab Sonett, Aston Martin, Ginetta & Marcos. . Eralp Noyan identifies the interior and exterior design characteristics of the vehicle in II. It is stated that it was inspired by the "Supermarine Spitfire", which was the advanced plane of the World War II. STC-16 was placed on the production line with the code A4, shortened and modified Anadol chassis and suspension system and 1600cc Ford Mexico engine were used. Transmissions of high performance British Ford Cortina and Capri models were used as transmission. The dashboard and dashboards of the STC-16 were no different from the popular Italian and British sports cars of those years. Apart from the speedometer and tachometer, resettable distance indicator, Lucas ammeter, Smiths oil, gasoline and temperature gauges were included among the new details of that period. At the end of the 11-month project development phase, 3 STC-16 prototypes were first prepared for test drives. Cengiz Topel airport and Istanbul-Adapazarı section of the E-5 highway were selected as test areas. The first crash tests of the STC-16 were also conducted during this period.
Anadol / A5 / SV-1600 (1973-1982)
At the end of 1600, the SV-1973 landed as the world's first fiber-glass 5-door station wagon with the code A5.
The SV-4, which has a very different design and appearance than the 1600-door Anadol models, is the “Scimicar Sports-station Coupé” model of Reliant. 5cc Ford (I-1600) Kent with 4 main bearings is equipped with a 4 cylinder OHV engine.
Many details of the vehicle have Bertone and Pininfarina design features in the station wagons of the period it was produced. The SV-1600 features a single color exterior paint and front spoiler as an innovation in station cars.
After a while, more luxurious versions were introduced, using two-color exterior paint and new interior design. Since 1976, the SV-1600s have been equipped with aluminum alloy wheels, a new type of steering wheel and new design side mirrors, while the exterior paint is produced in monochrome with black and white stripes on the sides. In the interior design, a detachable seat model has been applied in order to expand the luggage volume.
Anadol / A6 / Insect (1975-1977)
Anadol Böcek was designed by Jan Nahum, who worked in Otosan Research and Development Department in those years. In the following years, Jan Nahum served as General Manager and CEO of companies such as Otokar, Tofaş, FIAT / Italy and Petrol Ofisi. His father, Bernar Nahum, played a very important role in the establishment and production of Anadol A1 model of Otosan Company as a partner of Koç. Claude Nahum from this family has made significant efforts both as an Anadol A1 rally driver and Otosan Anadol Wankel engine project and development. Today, he is the founding partner of Kıraça Group of Companies, which also owns Karsan Otomotiv Sanayi.
Anadol Insect landed in production line in 6 with the code A1975. The insect was originally developed at the request of the Turkish Armed Forces. Although Volkswagen has similarities with the gg Buggy ”model, it is produced with a different design in terms of concept and characteristic. Otosan, taking into account the increasing tourism potential and increasing number of holiday villages in those years, took into consideration the demand of the vehicle from the public. The open top, without door, the same inclination as the windshield hood, the different instrument panel and console were the most important concept of the vehicle. The hood and glass design on the same slope has inspired the SUVs that emerged in the following years, and the panel and console design adopted later in the period has inspired many European manufacturers in automobile design.
Anadol Insect is produced with 1298cc and 63 HP Ford engine and has high performance due to its light weight and small chassis. Parallel to the pop-art design of the period, asymmetric front and rear view, again asymmetric front panel, rear right 2, left 3 stop lights, 5-angle rear view mirror on the windscreen 225/55/13 size tires, fiber-covered vinyl with unusual seats had a look.
Anadol Insect is available in different versions depending on usage and requirements: Gull wing version for off-road shooting, off-road version, pusher / tractor version and military version.
Anadol Insect production, such as STC-16 coincided with an unlucky period. Designed Term far ahead of both models resulting from the oil crisis did not create demand due to economic troubles in the world and in Turkey and production was suspended.
Between 1975 and 1977, the number of Insect models produced was only 203.
Anadol / A8 / 16 and Saloon 16 (1981-1984)
Production of the 4-door A8-16 series began in 1981. The A8-16 was inspired by the SAAB and Volvo brands. A8-16 design features pioneering details such as wide headlights, oblique nose, blunt and high rear cut.
However, the rear stops, which were slightly outdated compared to 1981 and used in the Insect, did not fit this innovative philosophy. Due to the preliminary design of the vehicle, the A8-16 model is also known as “Baltaburun arasında. The interior design of the cabin also contradicts many traditional Anadol customers. Designed in 1973, the SV-1600's doors, glazing and frames were also used in the A8-16, which, despite its new lines, created a sense of a collection model.
Although the high-performance 1981 Pinto E-Max engine was used in the 1982 and 1.6 productions, it was not enough to give this vehicle an allure. As such, the old Ford (I-1983) Kent, 1984 cylinder OHV, 16cc engine with 4 main bearings was used again in Saloon 4, which was put on the production line in 5 and 1600 in order to reduce production costs.
The A8-16 model was produced in the years 1981-1984 only 1.013.
Anadol Pickup Truck (1971-1991)
The first work on Anadol van started in 1970. In fact, the idea of producing the first van came with the amendment of an Anadol A1 at the Otosan factory to transport materials. Bernar Nahum saw this vehicle while walking around the factory, and did not like his appearance, but put forward the idea that such a vehicle can be used in light commercial transportation.
At that time, the development of domestic trade in the first years of industrialization and opening up, started to increase the interest of small tradesmen to “pickups” in carrying light loads. Thereupon, work started in the fiberglass workshop and first some truck with a solid fiberglass body (cabin and body) was made. However, since the production and use of this tool is impractical, the production of the fiber coupe with hair box was started. Anadol pickup trucks, which started mass production in 1971, were released as Otosan 2 with P500 code and equipped with a 1300cc gasoline engine. As of 1980, 1300cc gasoline engine and 1200cc Erk diesel engine started to be used in production. Later, the 1600 cc Ford OHC gasoline engine, which is also used in Ford Taunus, was used with the double throat Weber carburetor. In addition, the interior of the vehicle has been redesigned and has been transformed into a very modern console according to its period. Although the pieces were made of plastic, it was even a luxury for a pickup truck in those years. The front panel indicators were replaced with Endiksan instead of the Smith brand, and the numbers on their indicators were changed from yellow to white. Heating control rods are also placed vertically, not horizontally. The steering wheel has also been renewed, and the deer emblem in the center of the steering wheel has been enlarged. The same emblem is located on the plastic flap in the middle of the rims. After 83 models, P2 Otosan 600D was launched, equipped with a 4 cylinder, straight, overhead cam 1900 cc ERK diesel engine. A change was made in the front bonnet form, and the groove line on the bonnet was replaced by a bulging form.
Anadol pickups produced 1971 units from 1991 to 36.892 with minor design changes.
Many public institutions such as PTT have served with Anadol pick-up for years. However, the demand for Anadol pickup trucks has increased so much that the period in which A2 models have been cut and turned into pickup trucks has started, especially at the point where the demand is not met. Legislation also supported by the modification of the license in this period, thousands of Anadol cars were converted to light truck traffic.
Even today, Hmong vans in almost every corner of Turkey continues to serve.
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