Toyota Applies Technology That Controls the Steering Wheel via Cable to Its Vehicles
Toyota is breaking new ground in the automobile industry by integrating "steer by wire" technology into its vehicles. Thanks to this technology, there will be no mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the wheels. The movement of the steering wheel will be detected by sensors and transmitted via cable to the electric motors that rotate the wheels, determining the direction of the vehicle.
How Does Steer by Wire Technology Work?
Steer by wire technology, unlike traditional steering systems, eliminates the shaft and mechanical components connecting the steering wheel to the wheels. Instead, sensors on the steering wheel measure the angle and speed of the steering wheel and send this information via cable to the electric motors that move the wheels. Electric motors turn the wheels in the desired direction according to this signal. This system works completely electronically, unlike electric hydraulic systems.
Steer by wire technology has many advantages. One of these is that the steering wheel ratios can be adjusted according to the speed of the vehicle and the road condition. In this way, the steering can be more sensitive on winding roads and more stable on the highway. It is also possible to maneuver more easily in the city by turning less steering wheel. Another advantage is that since there are no mechanical components connecting the steering wheel to the wheels, more space is created in the cabin. In addition, since there are no mechanical components, it also provides advantages in terms of cost, weight and maintenance.
The biggest disadvantage of Steer by wire technology is security. Since there is no mechanical connection, there is a risk of losing control of the vehicle if there is a problem with the signal sent to the wheels or the engine that moves the wheels. To prevent this risk, all systems are operated with redundancy. So in case of any malfunction, the other system comes into play. Another disadvantage is that the road feeling provided by mechanical systems cannot be reflected on the steering wheel. This problem is being tried to be solved with virtually created tactile feedback methods.
In Which Vehicles Will Toyota Use Steer by Wire Technology?
Toyota first tried steer by wire technology on the electric Lexus RZ model. However, due to some problems in the system, it was not made available in this model. Toyota made improvements to the system and increased the steering ratio from 150 degrees to 200 degrees. In this way, the vehicle can be driven more easily and safely.
Toyota will start applying steer by wire technology to its vehicles from the end of 2024. The system, which will first be offered in electric Toyota bZ4X and Lexus RZ models, will later be expanded to other models. Toyota aims to create a revolution in the automobile industry with this technology.