Marilyn Monroe (born. Norma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1926 - August 5, 1962), American actress and model. Known for playing the "dumb blonde" characters in comedy films, the artist was one of the most famous movie stars and sex symbols of the 20th century. Although he only starred in films for ten years, his films had grossed $ 1962 million when he died unexpectedly in 200. It continues to be seen as a major popular culture icon.
Born and raised in Los Angeles, Monroe spent most of her childhood in foster homes and orphanages and got married at the age of sixteen. As part of the war, while working in a factory in 1944, he was introduced to a photographer from the First Motion Picture Unit and began a successful pin-up modeling career. This work led to short film contracts with Twentieth Century-Fox (1946-47) and Columbia Pictures (1948). After a series of minor movie roles, he signed a new contract with Fox in 1951. For the next two years Feeling Young ve Dangerous game in various comedy movies such as Between Two Love ve Dangerous Carer He became a popular actor in roles such as drama. Monroe faced a scandal when she said she took nude photos before she became a star, but instead of harming her career, her story resulted in increased interest in her films.
By 1953, Monroe starred in three films, becoming one of the most popular Hollywood stars: film noir focusing on her sexual appeal. Niagara movies that make up the image of “stupid blonde” with Men Love Blondes ve Millionaire Hunters. Although she played an important role in the creation and management of her public image throughout her career, she was disappointed by the studio being always given the same types of roles and receiving low wages. He was not allowed to appear in movies for a short period of time because he refused a film project at the beginning of 1954, but later became the biggest box office success of his career. Summer Single(1955).
While the studio was still reluctant to change his contract, Monroe founded a film production company at the end of 1954 and named the company Marilyn Monroe Productions (MMP). In 1955 he devoted himself to developing the company and began learning the acting method at Actors Studio. Bus stop(1956) criticized by his performance and MMP's Prince and Showgirl After taking part in her first independent production (1957), Some Like It HotShe won the Golden Globe for Best Actress for her acting in (1959). The last completed movie is drama inappropriate forIt is (1961).
Monroe's troubled private life attracted a lot of attention. He struggled with substance abuse, depression and anxiety. He married retired baseball star Joe DiMaggio and playwright Arthur Miller, both of which ended in divorce. He died at the age of 5 at his home in Los Angeles on August 1962, 36, from barbiturate overdose. Although his death was officially cited as a possible suicide caused by an overdose of barbiturate, there was a lot of speculation on the cause of death and a conspiracy theory.
Monroe was the entire American Film Institute in 1999 zamranked sixth in the list of the greatest female movie stars of the moment.
Marilyn Monroe's Childhood Life
Marilyn was born in Los Angeles Public Hospital under the name Norma Jeane Mortenson. According to many of his biographers, his biological father is a salesperson named Charles Stanley Gifford, with whom his mother worked as a film editor at RKO studios. Others claim to be the father of Martin Edward Mortenson, the second husband of his mother Gladys Pearl Baker. Gladys also had two children from her previous marriage, Robert Kermit Baker and Berniece Baker (Miracle). After Gladys was hospitalized for schizophrenia, Monroe had to spend her next life in an orphanage and with various foster families. Likewise, Monroe's uncle, Marion, was admitted to a mental hospital and hung herself after leaving the hospital, and her grandmother Della and grandfather Otis suffered from manic depression. Norma Jeane lived with the extremely religious couple Albert and Ida Bolender until the age of seven. Later, after his mother Gladys bought a house, he started to live with him again, but after his mother's mental illness worsened, he entered the care of his mother's best friend Grace McKee. However, after Grace McKee married Ervin Silliman Goddard in 1935, she was sent to the Los Angeles orphanage. After Grace took her back two years later, after her husband Ervin Silliman Goddard sexually abused the little girl, 16-year-old Monroe was sent to live with her great-aunt Olive Brunings. But there too, Grace's old aunt had to be sent to Ana Lower when she was attacked by Olive's sons. When Ana Lower's health began to deteriorate after a while, Norma returned to Jean, Grace and Ervin Goddard. During this period, Norma Jeane met his neighbor's 21-year-old son James Doughtery when he was only XNUMX and married him for a while. After four years of marriage, she divorced and started modeling by joining The Blue Book modeling agency. He also attended acting and singing courses during this period.
Marilyn Monroe's Career
In a short time The Blue Book Monroe, one of the most successful models in the modeling agency, has appeared in dozens of tabloids. During this period, he caught the attention of 20th Century Fox's manager, Ben Lyon, and arranged a trial shoot for him. Same zamhe immediately made him a six-month contract. Norma Jean, who changed her name to Marilyn Monroe at Lyon's suggestion, said, “Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay! ” and two films named "Dangerous Years". However, the failure of the two films caused Monroe to be out of the cinema for a while. He was idle for a while because the Fox company did not sign a new contract with Monroe. It's the same as we keep modeling zamHe continued acting lessons at the time. He got his first chance to sing and dance in the movie "Ladies of the Chorus." He later appeared in two short roles in "The Asphalt Jungle" and "All About Eve". He caught the attention of critics with his short but remarkable roles in these films. For the next two years "We're Not Married!", "Love Nest", Let's Make It Legal ve As Young as You Feel He appeared in minor roles in movies such as. RKO executives then used Monroe's box office potential in Fritz Lang's movie "Clash of Night". Upon the success of the film, Fox used the same tactic to star in the comedy movie "Monkey Business". On the success of these two films, critics could no longer ignore Monroe and attribute the success of the two films to her growing reputation. Around the same time, Monroe began to be recognized as a difficult actress to work on sets. Especially late (or not at all) to the sets, having difficulties remembering his lines, constantly demanding re-shots until he was satisfied with his performance, and his excessive reliance on the directives of the actor coaches, firstly Natasha Lytess and then Paula Strasberg, caused discontent among directors. In addition, the barbiturates and amphetamines he used for insomnia and nervousness, his stage fright, self-insecurity and perfectionist nature were also seen as causing various problems in movie sets. Although drug use was standard practice in the 1950s among actors in the film industry for sleep and energy, these workarounds Monroe implemented made her insomnia, depression, and mood swings worse over the years. Monroe same zamnow also alcohol zaman zamHe tried to find solutions to the problems he experienced by using it with his drugs.
In 1952, Monroe finally got the chance to star in the movie "Don't Bother to Knock," with her role as a babysitter with psychological problems. Although it was a type B movie made on a low budget and received mixed reviews, critics were convinced that Monroe could play larger roles as well.
Monroe finally became famous for her movie "Niagara" in 1953. Critics focused on Monroe's compatibility with the camera, as well as the film's dark script. Monroe portrayed a woman trying to kill her husband in this movie.
In this period a zamsexual poses she gave her moments appeared. Monroe was able to avoid a possible scandal that would end her career by later telling the press that she posed naked, because she was broke and starving. These poses were later published in the first issue of Playboy.
Monroe became one of the A-class actors, with her films "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" and "How to Marry a Millionaire", which she translated in the following months, gained great success. After these films, the films "River of No Return" and "There's No Business Like Show Business" did not succeed. Again during this period zamHe married baseball star Joe Dimaggio, with whom he was together ever since. However, the couple divorced nine months later due to disagreement. Bored with the stupid blonde roles that studio president Zanuck had set for him, Monroe canceled her contract after completing her movie "The Seven Year Itch" in 1955 and went to study acting in "Actor's Studio" in New York. Meanwhile, she refused to act in such films as "The Girl in Pink Tights", "The Girl in the Red Velvet Swing" and How to Be Very, Very Popular. Monroe met his third wife, writer Arthur Miller, while studying at Actors Studio, and later married him.
While in New York, he started his own production company Marilyn Monroe Productions with fellow photographer Milton H. Greene. Meanwhile, following the failure of alternatives such as Jayne Mansfield and Sheree North, which were presented to the audience by the studio during Monroe's absence, and the success of the movie "The Seven Year Itch" at the box office, Zanuck recalled him and made a new contract, meeting the conditions he wanted. Monroe would now work only with the scripts she approved and with the directors she designated, and would be able to translate films with other studios other than Fox. Based on this new contract with the studio and the production company in 1955, he translated his first film "Bus Stop" directed by Joshua Logan. Performing her best dramatic performance in her career as the stage singer Cherie in this film, she received high praise from critics and was nominated for the Golden Globe Award. After this film, he went to London with his wife Arthur Miller and translated the movie The Prince and the Showgirl with Laurence Olivier. Although this film received mixed reviews from critics and did not earn much, Monroe, especially in Europe, again won high praise for her acting and won the Italian David di Donatello and the French Crystal Star Awards, which are considered equivalent to the Oscars. Same zamAt the moment it was nominated for the British BAFTA award. Returning from London after the film was finished, Monroe found out that she was pregnant. However, when it was found that she had an ectopic pregnancy, she had to have her child removed.
"Some Like It Hot", directed by Marilyn in 1959 by Billy Wilder, became the most successful and popular film of her career. Monroe won a Golden Globe Award for her acting in this movie. However, as well as the great success of the film and Monroe's, the events behind the scenes began to surface during this period. Especially Monroe's being late to the set and not remembering the lines, zaman zamHis refusal to participate in the filming by not leaving his room at the moment caused great conflicts with director Billy Wilder. Apart from these, Monroe discovered that she was pregnant during filming and had a miscarriage after the completion of the film. The movie "Let's Make Love", which he translated after this movie, failed critically and commercially. Still, his song "My Heart Belongs to Daddy" was a big hit in the movie. He also had a brief forbidden relationship with his co-star Yves Montand in this movie.
Marilyn then starred alongside childhood idol Clark Gable in the 1961 film "The Misfits," written by her husband "Arthur Miller". Despite Monroe's psychological and physical problems, alcohol and prescription pill addiction, two times being hospitalized for fatigue and nervous breakdown and being late on the set, Monroe and the other actors attracted the attention of critics and audiences with their performances. drew. However, the movie received mixed reviews despite high expectations and did not earn much at the box office. The Misfits, same zamIt would be the last movie Monroe and Clark Gable completed at the time. After this movie, Monroe divorced her husband Arthur Miller. After the divorce, she was hospitalized in Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic for depression and was treated for a while. In 1962, he decided to act in the comedy movie "Something's Got to Give". This movie its the same zamAt the time it included her first nude scene. However, he was fired from the film by the Fox company, his contract was canceled, and he was sued for compensation by the film company, after he came to the set for a short time, claiming that he was sick throughout the film, and instead went to sing for JF Kennedy's birthday, for whom there were love rumors. Although Fox signed with actor Lee Remick to complete the film, Monroe's co-star Dean Martin refused to work with another actor, so he was recruited and a new contract was signed with him. However, on August 5, 1962, Brentwood died at the age of 36 in the bedroom of his home in Los Angeles, taking high doses of sedatives before filming resumed. As a result of the autopsy performed after his death, although the cause of death was declared as possible suicide as a result of taking high doses of Barbiturate, the lack of evidence at the scene, the later disappearance of the tissues taken at the autopsy and the contradictory statements of eyewitnesses, especially the housekeeper Eunice Murray, said that the cause of death was murder and for political reasons, Cia Many conspiracy theories that have not been fully proven have been proposed that the Mafia and Kennedy family caused this. Monroe's body was later handed over to her ex-husband Joe Dimaggio and buried in Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery on August 8, 1962, with a funeral arranged by her.
Marilyn Monroe Films
| Year | Movie | Role | Studio | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1947 | Dangerous Years | Evie | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1948 | Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay!† | Betty | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1948 | Ladies of the Chorus | Peggy Martin | Columbia Pictures |
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| 1949 | Love Happy | Grunion's customer | United Artists | |||
| 1950 | A Ticket to Tomahawk† | Clara | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1950 | The Asphalt Jungle | Angela Phinlay | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | |||
| 1950 | All About Eve | Ms. Claudia Caswell | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1950 | The Fireball | Polly | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1950 | Right Cross† | Dusky Ledoux | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | |||
| 1951 | Home Town Story | Iris martin | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | |||
| 1951 | As Young as You Feel | Harriet | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1951 | Love Nest | Roberta stevens | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1951 | Let's Make It Legal | Joyce mannering | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1952 | Clash by Night | Peggy | RKO | |||
| 1952 | We're Not Married! | Annabel Jones Norris | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1952 | Don't Bother to Knock | Nell forbes | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1952 | Monkey Business | Ms. Lois Laurel | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1952 | O. Henry's Full House | Whore | 20th Century-Fox |
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| 1953 | Niagara | Rose loomis | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1953 | Gentlemen Prefer Blondes | Lorelei Lee | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1953 | How to Marry a Millionaire | Pola debevoise | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1954 | River of No Return | Kay weston | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1954 | There's No Business Like Show Business | Victoria Hoffman | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1955 | The Seven Year Itch | Girl | 20th Century-Fox |
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| 1956 | Bus Stop | Cherie | 20th Century-Fox |
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| 1957 | The Prince and the Showgirl | Elsie marina | Warner Brothers |
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| 1959 | Some Like It Hot | Sugar Cane Kowalczyk | United Artists |
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| 1960 | Let's Make Love | Amanda dell | 20th Century-Fox | |||
| 1961 | The Misfits | Roslyn taber | United Artists |
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| 1962 | Something's Got to Give | Ellen Wagstaff Arden | 20th Century-Fox |
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Awards and nominations
- 1953 Golden Globe Henrietta Award: World's Favorite Female Film Artist.
- 1953 Photoplay Award: Most Popular Female Star
- 1956 BAFTA Film Award Nomination: Best Foreign Actor (The Seven Year Itch)
- 1956 Golden Globe Nomination: Best Actress in Comedy or Musical (Bus Stop)
- Nomination for 1958 BAFTA Film Award: Best Foreign Actor (The Prince and the Showgirl)
- 1958 David di Donatello Award (Italian): Best Foreign Actor (The Prince and the Showgirl)
- 1959 Crystal Star Award (French): Best Foreign Actor (The Prince and the Showgirl)
- 1960 Golden Globe, Best Actress in a Comedy or Musical (Some Like It Hot)
- 1962 Golden Globe, Henrietta Award: World's Favorite Female Film Artist.
- Hollywood Walk of Fame Walk 6104 Hollywood Blvd.
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